Pharmaceutical Applications of Cryogenic Grinding: Enhancing Drug Properties

Abstract

Cryogenic grinding is a revolutionary approach in pharmaceutical processing that grinds compounds to small particles
at very low temperatures utilizing cryogenic fluids like liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide. This technique keeps thermolabile
chemicals’ structure and bioactivity intact by avoiding heat production. It produces particles that are finer and more
homogenous, which improves the solubility, dissolving rate, and bioavailability of the medicine. The stability and therapeutic
effectiveness of heat-sensitive active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) depend on cryogenic grinding during processing.
The benefits, advantages, and effects of cryogenic grinding on medication stability as well as its practical applications are
discussed in this paper. Research on ibuprofen, curcumin, antibiotics, and chemicals derived from plants has shown their
efficacy. In addition to comparing cryogenic grinding to more traditional processes, the study delves into the difficulties of
the process, including the high operating costs and the necessary equipment. Newly developed therapeutic formulations
and targeted drug delivery systems are expected to rely heavily on cryogenic grinding, thanks to developments in equipment
design, integration of nanotechnology, and ecologically friendly techniques.